What are the main steps in decommissioning a radioactive source or facility?

• A. Ensure shutdown, inventory removal, decontamination, proper waste disposal, regulatory notification, finalize records, obtain clearance.
• B. Immediate disposal of all materials as radioactive waste without clearance.
• C. Erect new shielding and continue operation.
• D. Perform a single decontamination wash and leave records.

Answer: (A)

Decommissioning a radioactive source or facility is a structured, safety-driven process designed to remove residual risk and satisfy regulators. The sequence of steps shown reflects a thorough approach: first shut down operations and secure all systems, then take an accurate inventory and remove sources as needed, followed by decontamination to reduce surface contamination, and finally dispose of waste through approved channels, notify the regulatory body, and complete records to obtain clearance before release or repurposing.

Shutting down establishes a controlled state where access is restricted and all equipment and sources are rendered safe. An accurate inventory and removal ensure everything is accounted for and nothing relevant is left behind or becomes an orphan source. Decontamination lowers residual contamination on surfaces and equipment, which is essential for protecting workers and meeting release criteria. Proper waste disposal channels ensure materials are treated, packaged, and sent to licensed facilities in compliance with regulations, with traceable handling. Regulatory notification keeps authorities informed and allows for proper oversight, inspections, and verification of the decommissioning process. Finalizing records and obtaining clearance documents that the site meets the required radiological criteria for release, reuse, or demolition.

Other options don’t meet these safeguards: disposing of all materials as radioactive waste without regulatory clearance bypasses required approvals and pathways. Erecting new shielding and continuing operation contradicts the goal of decommissioning. A single decontamination wash with minimal documentation fails to verify cleanliness, accountability, and regulatory compliance needed for safe release.